Dry Eye

Dry Eye

Causes

Dry eye is a common condition that occurs when your eyes either do not make enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly.

Dry eye affects between 5 and 15% of the population in the United States. People with dry eyes are typically middle-aged or older.

Dry eye can be linked to other diseases such as eye allergies, diabetes, Parkinson's disease, or rheumatoid arthritis in a few people.

Certain medications can cause dry eye symptoms or make them worse. One of these is water pills for high blood pressure, allergy and cold medicines, or sleeping pills.

Symptoms

The most common symptoms are dry, stinging, or burning eyes that are red.

You may also experience:

• light sensitivity
• blurry vision, especially when reading
• increased tearing
• contact lens discomfort
• sandy, gritty feeling in the eyes.

Some people's symptoms worsen when exposed to wind, cold, smoky air, or a very dry environment.

Treatment

Artificial tears are the first line of dry eye treatment. You can get these without a prescription at the drug store or grocery store in liquid, gel, or ointment form. They reduce dry eye symptoms by keeping the eye surface moist and smooth.

You can also try these things to help with dry eye symptoms:

• When reading or using the computer, avoid straining your eyes. Blink frequently and remember to take breaks.
• Avoid using too much air conditioning or heating, especially when sitting directly in the cold or hot airflow.
• Use a humidifier in areas where you spend a lot of time.
• Avoid being near cigarette smoke.
• Wear protective eyewear to minimize your eyes' exposure to wind and dry air when outside.

If the above simple measures don't help your dry eye, your family doctor may refer you for an eye exam. Further treatments may include prescription eye drops or ointments, special goggles, oral medicines, or surgery.